In 2024, Africa has faced a significant outbreak of monkeypox, now referred to as mpox, which has led to a global health emergency declaration by the World Health Organization (WHO)1. The outbreak has been particularly severe, with over 500 deaths reported and thousands of confirmed cases across multiple countries, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda2.
The Outbreak
The mpox outbreak in Africa has been alarming due to its rapid spread and high mortality rate. The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS), marking the first such declaration by the agency since its inception in 20172. This declaration has mobilized resources across the continent to address the crisis, including enhancing surveillance, laboratory testing, and community engagement efforts.
Vaccine Efforts
In response to the outbreak, significant efforts have been made to provide vaccines to the affected regions. Emergent BioSolutions announced the donation of 50,000 doses of its smallpox vaccine to the DRC and other impacted countries3. The WHO has also emphasized the importance of equitable access to vaccines, urging European solidarity with Africa to ensure that the continent receives the necessary support4.
The vaccines being used, such as MVA-BN, LC16, and ACAM2000, were originally developed for smallpox but have shown effectiveness against mpox4. These vaccines are crucial in controlling the spread of the virus and protecting vulnerable populations.
Challenges and Future Outlook
Despite the efforts to combat the outbreak, challenges remain. The high number of suspected cases, weaknesses in surveillance, and limited access to vaccines pose significant hurdles2. However, the coordinated response by Africa CDC and international support provides hope for controlling the outbreak and preventing further spread.
The situation underscores the need for continued vigilance, robust public health measures, and international cooperation to address the mpox outbreak in Africa. With sustained efforts, there is optimism that the outbreak can be brought under control, safeguarding the health and well-being of millions across the continent.
Sources:
1nydailynews.com2africacdc.org3cnbcafrica.com4news.un.org5msn.com
